Module 4: Traditional Sounds and Rituals

Study Time: 6 Hours Goal: Learn the 4 distinct Calls of the Shofar and their spiritual meanings.

🌐 Language: 🇰🇷 Korean | 🇹🇼 Traditional Chinese


4.1 The Four Calls (Kolot)

1. Tekiah (תְּקִיעָה) - “The Blast”

  • Description: One long, clear, unbroken blast.
  • Technique: Start low, swell, and end abruptly on a firm note.
  • Meaning: Proclamation, Coronation of the King, Searching for God.
  • Duration: Approx. 3 seconds.

2. Shevarim (שְׁבָרִים) - “The Broken Ones”

  • Description: Three medium-length, sighing sounds.
  • Technique: “U-ah, U-ah, U-ah.” A glissando from low to high for each note is common.
  • Meaning: The crying of a broken heart, sobbing, yearning.
  • Duration: Total length equals one Tekiah.

3. Teruah (תְּרוּעָה) - “The Alarm”

  • Description: A series of very short, staccato blasts (min. 9 blasts).
  • Technique: Use the tongue rapidly (“Tu-tu-tu-tu-tu…”).
  • Meaning: Urgent alarm, wake-up call, trembling before judgment.
  • Duration: Approx. 3 seconds (same as Tekiah).

4. Tekiah Gedolah (תְּקִיעָה גְּדוֹלָה) - “The Great Blast”

  • Description: An extra-long Tekiah held as long as possible.
  • Technique: Deepest breath, maximize endurance.
  • Meaning: The final redemption, the Jubilee, victory.
  • Duration: As long as you can (usually 10+ seconds).

4.2 The Rosh Hashanah Sequence

On Rosh Hashanah, we blow 100 blasts in specific sets:

  1. Tashrat (תשר״ת): Tekiah - Shevarim - Teruah - Tekiah
  2. Tashat (תש״ת): Tekiah - Shevarim - Tekiah
  3. tarat (תר״ת): Tekiah - Teruah - Tekiah

You must memorize these sequences (Seder Tekiot).


4.3 The Role of the Caller (Makri)

  • Since the blower is focused on the sound, a “Makri” (Caller) stands next to him and calls out the next sound to ensure no mistakes are made.